Concrete structure.



' No, 786,548. PATENTED AR. '11905.

E. S. KEBFER.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPMOATIOE FILED mm so, 1904.

Niran STATES EDWARD S. KEEFER, CF CINCINNATL OHO, ASSIGNOR TO Patented April 4, 1905.

Parana? THE KEEFER OHIO.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 786,6l8, dated April 4, 1905. Application filed July 30, 1904. Serial No. 218,847.

To all 71171/0772, it hefty conc/5771,:

Be it known that l, EDWARD S. Kearns, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Ham- 5 ilton and State of Chio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Structures, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve I ments in concrete structures, and has for its object to provide for use in such structures generally means of an improved and simplified nature for securely holding or joining to molded concrete portions of the structure I metal or woodenparts which it may be de sired to embody in the structure, the invention being' especially well adapted for em bodiment in railway construction for holding' the rails to concrete ties, for holding signal-tower 2O rods upon a concrete base, &c., but being also well adapted for application in building structures for supporting oor-joists, doors, and the like.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, combination, and

arrangement of the several parts of the improved holding or joining means whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device is rendered simpler, cheaper, and

otherwise better adapted to and more convenient for use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined in the claims.

ln the accompanying' drawings, which serve to illustrate my improvements, Figure l is a perspective view showing my invention practically applied for holding a railway-rail to a concrete tie or sleeper. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken vertically and longitudinally through one end portion of the railway-tie and showing in detail the construction of the means for holding the rail thereto. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the metal pan or .45 casing forming part of the improved holding means and which in practice is embedded in the concrete structure. Fig. 4 is a detached detailview showing a short length of barbed metal reinforce which is preferable for use for strengthening the concrete structure, and 50 Fie'. 5 is a view showing an alternative form of such reinforce formed of a twisted metal rod or strip. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing one end portion of a railway tie or sleeper, wherein my improvements are embodied in a modified arrangement. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showingI the application of my improvemonts to the concrete base whereon is designed to be supported a signal-tower rod. Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing the application of my improvements in a building structure for supporting a door-joist on a concrete wall.

Referring, primarily, to Figs. l to e, l indicates as a whole a molded concrete railway cross-tie or sleeper, to which my improvements are applied for supporting and attaching a rail i The tie l has at its opposite end portions wings or projections 2 2, integrally produced upon and extended ont fromits opposite `sides at points adapted to underlie the 7e rail .fc and afford at the points at which the improved attaching' means are located an increased width to compensate for such strength of the tie or sleeper as maybe lost by cutting or hollowing out the central part of the tie to receive the attachingmeans. By this arrangement of the tie l with wings or projections at opposite sides of its opposite ends it will be evident that a substantially uniform cross-section is afforded throughout the en- 8O tire length of the tie, so that the same is given suflicient strength without unnecessary thickness at its central and end portions. ln this way an economy is effected in the construction of the tie, since less material is employed therein, and, moreover, the projecting wings 2 2 are adapted by engagement in the ballast to more securely anchor the tie in position. For imparting strength to the concrete ties or sleepers l provide the same with embedded metallic reinforces extended longitudinally within them, which reinforces are preferably formed from metal strips of the form shown in F ig. Ll, having notched. side portions, the metal between the notches being bent outwardly to produce curved barbs for engagel'the concrete body portion of the tie, wherein `the odset wings or extensions 2 2 at the railsupporting part of the tie have beveled or undercut ends 16 for more secure engagement with the ballast to hold the tie in position on the road-bed.

1n `Fig. 7 I have illustrated the application of my improvements to a concrete base for signal-tower rods, wherein 17 indicates such concrete base, which is formed with an opening 10, extended in its under side, and has' embedded in its upper part a pan or casing 1, with dovetailed ends in all respects similar to that above described with reference te Figs. 1, 2, and 3. 1n this casing 4 is held a pair ofthe blocks 11 and a removable central locking-block 12, affording' a means of attachment of the rod to said base, which means is capable of ready replacement upon the removal of the central locking-block in a way similar to that above describeds In Fig. 8 1 have illustrated the application of my improvements to a jois't-support for building structures, and in this view 18 indicates a concrete wall of the building, which wall has embedded in it a pair of the blocks 11 and an intervening locking-block 12 which is removable from the front to permit replacement of the blocks 11 when worn or desired. In this view the casing is omitted, but it will be evident that the same may be employed, if desired. 19 indicates an angular support for the joist 20, which support is spiked or otherwise held to the block 11.

From the above description it will be evident that the improved attaching means is of an extremely simple and inexpensive nature and is capable of wide application in concrete and other structures generally, besides the special applications herein set forth--as, for example, for holding doors and the like in concrete supports and for holding rails in position on steel or other cast-metal or stone railway-ties or other structures-and it will be also obvious from the above description of my invention that the device is capable of some modification without material departure from the principles and spirit of the invention, and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise :form and arrangement of the several parts of the device herein set forth in carrying out my invention in practice-as, for one instance, the pans or casings containing the wooden blocks 11 and 12 may be distributed in proper positions and alinement along a bed of concrete in a street, railway, highway, or the like, and duly embedded in said concrete while the latter is in a plastic condition to suit and support track-rails of a railway, (either steam, electric, or other motive power,) or the said pans or casings and their wooden blocks may be distributed in stringer or sill fashion along railways, as well as in cross-tie or transverse position, and support rails laid upon them.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isM

1. A railway tie comprising a concrete body portion the extremities of which are provided with lateral wings or projections and have, between said wings or projections metallic casings embedded in them and provided with undercut end walls, blocks having` end surfaces engaged on the undercut end walls of the casing and a locking-block interposed between said first-named blocks in the casing.

2. A concrete structure having embedded therein a metallic casing the end walls of which are undercut and inclined in opposite directions, blocks insertible in said casing with end surfaces inclined to [it the undercut end walls thereof and a locking-block insertible between the first-named blocks.

3. A concrete structure having embedded therein a metallic casing the end walls of which` are undercut and oppositely inclined and the bottom of which is centrally perforated and is inclined downward from its edge portions toward said central perforation, blocks insertible in said casing with end surfaces fitting the undercut end walls thereof and a locking-block interposed in the casing between the first-named blocks.

4. A concrete structure having embedded therein a metallic casing the end walls of which are undercut and oppositely inclined and the upper edges of which are provided with an outwardly-directed ange, blocks insertible in the casing with end surfaces engaged on the undercut end walls of the same and a locking-block interposed between the iirst-named blocks. i

Signed at Cincinnati, Ohio, this 26th day of July, 1904;.

EDWARD S. KEEFER.

Vitnesses:

JOHN ELifis JoNns, WILLIAM ScnUoHAnDT.

IOO 

